(beginning with 'Do you play violent games? Are you violent in real life?')
Yes i do tend to play video games in my spare time however personally i believe that i am not a violent person in real life as i believe that i can release all my stress and anger by playing violent video games. As well as by playing certain games it allows me to do things i know i cant do in real life meaning my satisfaction to complete that certain thing is complete meaning i do not have to go and do the same thing the next day as i have completed that already.
2) What are the four categories for different effects theories?
Direct Effect Theories- Media has direct ideas, attitudes and behaviours of audiences.
Diffusion Theories- The way audiences personalise the way they access the content.
Indirect Effect Theories- Focuses on people respond differently to media texts due to the environment they live in.
The Pluralist Approach- Media texts and institutions are free to present their content and audiences are able to freely interpret the content.
3) What are the examples provided for the hypodermic needle theory - where media texts have been blamed for certain events?
Child’s Play – The murder of Jamie Bulger
Marilyn Manson – The Columbine High School shootings
Natural Born Killers – a number of murders committed by romantically linked couples.
6) What does Gerbner's Cultivation theory suggest?
The ideas and values viewed by audiences in a repetitive nature become to be a norm due to viewing the content and becoming susceptible to the content. For example, audiences become desensitised towards negative or violent representations.
7) How does this front page of the Daily Mail (from this week - Wednesday 16 November) link to Cultivation theory? The Mail Online version of the story is here.
As it sates that in our modern age more younger audiences are being glued to tv screens and do not want to do anything else but watch their tv shows as media has improved drastically from the olden days now they new way fro kids to be entertained is through sitting at a screen.
8) What does the factsheet suggest about action films and the values and ideologies that are reinforced with regards to violence?
Violence is described to give audiences a different perspective of how audiences know what is right and how to react in certain situations. This also means that we should try and restrict these scenes from younger children as this will have psychological effect on them, however also may suffice older ages temptations to go out and do this therefore can get satisfaction from seeing others do this.
9) What criticisms of direct effect theories are suggested in the factsheet?
This theory identifies the media as being a negative influence but
does not consider forms of ‘high art’ in the same way. Some of Shakespeare’s plays are extremely violent but are not seen to be a problem whereas games and television programmes are open to criticism.
10) Why might the 1970s sitcom Love Thy Neighbour be considered so controversial today? What does this tell us about Reception theory and how audiences create meanings?
Some texts from the past seem very strange to us. A very popular sitcom in the 1970s called Love Thy Neighbour appears to many modern viewers, racist and offensive. Times have changed and so have people’s attitudes and values. What was acceptable as the topic for comedy some decades ago, no longer is.
11) What examples are provided for Hall's theory of preferred, negotiated and oppositional readings?
• The Sun and The Guardian may report the same ‘facts’ very differently
• Media producers can never guarantee that all audience members will interpret (decode) information in the same way
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